A study on the antioxidant activity of rosmarinic acid against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver toxicity in adult male albino rats / Estudio sobre la actividad antioxidante del ácido rosmarínico contra la toxicidad hepática inducida por tetracloruro de carbono en ratas albinas macho adultas

SUMMARY: Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a manufactured chemical and does not occur naturally in the environment. CCl4 is a clear liquid that evaporates very easily. It has a sweet odor. CCl4 is toxic to the mammalian liver and is hepatocarcinogenic in both rats and mice. Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis) is commonly used as a spice and flavoring agent in food processing. It is known for its antioxidant properties. The present study aims to investigate the antioxidant activity of rosmarinic acid (RA) on CCl4-induced liver toxicity in adult male albino rats. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into 4 groups with 10 rats in each group. Group I (control group). Group II animals received RA at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day by oral gavage for 4 weeks. Group III animals received CCl4 intraperitoneally at a dose of 3ml/kg twice weekly for 4 weeks. Group IV animals received CCl4 Plus RA. At the end of the experiment, liver specimens are processed for histological, immunohistochemical, EM and biochemical studies. Administration of RA deceased the elevated serum liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP), elevated MDA level and immunoexpression of the proapoptotic protein (Bax) induced by CCl4. It increased reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and immunoexpression of the antiapoptotic protein (Bcl2). It also improved the histological and ultrastructural changes induced by CCl4. It appears that Rosmarinic acid has protective effects against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity as indicated by biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural results.

RESUMEN: El tetracloruro de carbono (CCl4) es un producto químico fabricado y no se encuentra de forma natural en el medio ambiente. CCl4 es un líquido transparente que se evapora fácilmente; tiene un olor dulce. CCl4 es tóxico para el hígado de los mamíferos y es hepatocarcinogénico tanto en ratas como en ratones. El romero (Rosmarinus officinalis) se usa comúnmente como condimento y agente aromatizante en el procesamiento de alimentos. Es conocido por sus propiedades antioxidantes. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la actividad antioxidante del ácido rosmarínico (RA) sobre la toxicidad hepática inducida por CCl4 en ratas albinas macho adultas. Se dividieron cuarenta ratas albinas macho adultas en 4 grupos con 10 ratas en cada grupo. Grupo I (grupo control). Los animales del grupo II recibieron AR a una dosis de 50 mg / kg / día por sonda oral durante 4 semanas. Los animales del grupo III recibieron CCl4 por vía intraperitoneal a una dosis de 3 ml / kg dos veces por semana durante 4 semanas. Los animales del grupo IV recibieron CCl4 Plus RA. Al final del experimento, las muestras de hígado se procesaron para estudios histológicos, inmunohistoquímicos, EM y bioquímicos. La administración de AR eliminó las enzimas hepáticas séricas elevadas (AST, ALT y ALP), el nivel elevado de MDA y la inmunoexpresión de la proteína proapoptótica (Bax) inducida por CCl4. Aumentó el glutatión reducido (GSH), glutatión peroxidasa (GSH-Px), la superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y la inmunoexpresión de la proteína antiapoptótica (Bcl2). También mejoró los cambios histológicos y ultraestructurales inducidos por CCl4. El ácido rosmarínico puede tener efectos protectores contra la hepatotoxicidad inducida por CCl4, tal como lo indican los resultados bioquímicos, histológicos, inmunohistoquímicos y ultraestructurales.

Assessment of non coding rna expression as a potential stem cell biomarker in breast cancer

Background: worldwide, breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women and there is a deep need for precise novel methodologies for breast cancer [BC] diagnosis. Major advances in cancer control will be successfully achieved with early cancer detection. So, recent trends are going toward using circulating non-coding RNA as diagnostic tool for their critical role in cancer detection

Aim: retrieve non coding RNA that is mechanistically linked to breast cancer stem cell with validation of the results in a group of breast cancer patients versus control groups to evaluate their usefulness as a potential biomarker in breast cancer diagnosis

Patients and Methods: we retrieved LncRNA that is linked to stem cell differentiation and specific to BC utilizing bioinformatics tools. Then we validated this biomarker in serum of 30 patients with BC, 12 patients with benign breast lesion and 12 healthy volunteers using RT-qPCR. We evaluate the power of diagnosis of the serum profiling system using ROC curve analysis

Results: hoxd antisense growth-associated long non coding RNA [HAGLR] had great sensitivity and specificity for differentiating BC from patients with benign breast lesion and also from healthy controls

Conclusion: the chosen circulatory RNA based biomarker can be used as a potential diagnostic biomarker for BC. In addition it could be therapeutic target

Comparative study between oral zinc sulphate, amino acids chelated zinc and placebo in treatment of viral warts

Background: Warts are tumors or growths caused by infection with Human Papilloma virus [HPV]. More than 100 HPV subtypes are known. They are a common presenting disease in children and adolescents which spread by direct contact or autoinoculation

The aim of the Work: The aim of this work was to assess and compare the efficacy and safety of oral zinc sulphate and amino acids chelated zinc in treatment of viral warts

Patients and Methods: This cross sectional case control study included 60 patients with multiple viral warts who were collected from the Dermatology, STDs and Andrology outpatient clinic of Fayoum university hospital during the period from November 2014 to November 2015. The patients were 29 males and 31 females with ages ranging from 15 to 60 years

Results: There was statistically significant difference in degree of response in zinc and control groups as no patient in control group showed any response while in both zinc groups 27.5% of patients showed variable degrees of response. Also, there was no statistically significant difference in degree of response in both zinc groups

Conclusion: Oral zinc in its both forms used in our study is safe but needs time to act and the response is not high, so it is not fit to be used as a monotherapy, but rather to be combined with other wart treatment modalities

Recommendations: More studies are needed to assess the therapeutic effect of zinc and its efficacy in combinations in warts treatment with higher doses and longer duration of treatment

Prostaglandin e1 before elective caesarean section to reduce transient tachypnea of the newborn [TTN]: a randomized control trial

Aim of the study: this study aimed to determine the role of prostaglandin E1 on the reduction of the neonatal respiratory morbidity specially [TTN]

Study Design: this is a parallel, randomized placebo controlled trial, comparing the use of Misoprostol [Prostaglandin E[1]] use in the form of Misoprostol E[1] vaginal tablets with nonmedicated similar vaginal tablet [placebo] to decrease the neonatal respiratory distress specially [TTN]

Results: this study included 300 cases with gestational age range between 38 weeks to less than 39 weeks the included cases were classified into 2 groups: study group included 150 case were given PG E1 control group included 150 case were given placebo

Conclusion: we found one positive cases for TTN in study group, and 3 positive cases for TTN in the control group results we got were insignificant. So, we suggested taking larger sample in the future studies